These tiles help space shuttles survive the extreme temperatures (about 1200 degrees Celsius) during re-entry to Earth.
LI-900 silica tiles are used for this purpose. It is made of 99.9% pure silica glass fiber. Often the volume of air inside this tile is said to be 94%.
Due to the low thermal conductivity and high thermal insulation of these tiles, they can be touched at 1200 degrees Celsius as seen in the video.
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